Upgrading and Enhancement of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate with Chain Extenders

In-Depth Material Characterization

authored by: Bjørnar Arstad, Madina Shamsuyeva, Jacek Lecinski, Kjell Olafsen, Åge Gellein Larsen, Stephan Kubowicz, James Comerford, Hans Josef Endres, Christian W. Karl
Abstract: Chemical chain extenders (CEs) can be used to restore the properties of recycled low-molecular-weight polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of the type and concentration of the CEs Joncryl and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) on the viscosity and other rheological properties with a unique combination of different methods based on industrial samples originating from recycled PET bottles and trays. The resulting chain-extended thermoplastics were characterized by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry, viscometry, cone plate rheometry, pyrolysis─gas chromatography─mass spectroscopy, optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy, ¹³C solid-state- and ¹H NMR liquid spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography. For a recycled PET mixture containing bottle and tray materials, our investigations have shown that a significantly better effect for chain elongation can be achieved with Joncryl compared to PMDA. This can presumably be attributed to water molecules formed during the use of PMDA, which accelerate the degradation of PET. The storage modulus values are therefore significantly higher for the samples with Joncryl compared to PMDA. The results of this study show that chain extension with Joncryl proceeds better compared to the reaction with PMDA.
Organisation(s): Institute of Plastics and Circular Economy
External Organisation(s): SINTEF
Type: Article
Journal: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
Volume: 63
Pages: 12277–12287
No. of pages: 11
ISSN: 0888-5885
Publication date: 17.07.2024
Publication status: Published
Peer reviewed: Yes
ASJC Scopus subject areas: General Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Electronic version(s): https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c00018 (Access: Open)

BibTeX

@article{40e8bac38cfc47379b24f2040c4bc12f,
title = "Upgrading and Enhancement of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate with Chain Extenders: In-Depth Material Characterization",
abstract = "Chemical chain extenders (CEs) can be used to restore the properties of recycled low-molecular-weight polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of the type and concentration of the CEs Joncryl and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) on the viscosity and other rheological properties with a unique combination of different methods based on industrial samples originating from recycled PET bottles and trays. The resulting chain-extended thermoplastics were characterized by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry, viscometry, cone plate rheometry, pyrolysis─gas chromatography─mass spectroscopy, optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy, 13C solid-state- and 1H NMR liquid spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography. For a recycled PET mixture containing bottle and tray materials, our investigations have shown that a significantly better effect for chain elongation can be achieved with Joncryl compared to PMDA. This can presumably be attributed to water molecules formed during the use of PMDA, which accelerate the degradation of PET. The storage modulus values are therefore significantly higher for the samples with Joncryl compared to PMDA. The results of this study show that chain extension with Joncryl proceeds better compared to the reaction with PMDA.",
author = "Bj{\o}rnar Arstad and Madina Shamsuyeva and Jacek Lecinski and Kjell Olafsen and Larsen, {{\AA}ge Gellein} and Stephan Kubowicz and James Comerford and Endres, {Hans Josef} and Karl, {Christian W.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society",
year = "2024",
month = jul,
day = "17",
doi = "10.1021/acs.iecr.4c00018",
language = "English",
volume = "63",
pages = "12277–12287",
journal = "Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research",
issn = "0888-5885",
publisher = "American Chemical Society",
number = "28",
}