Influence of the process parameters on the microstructure and the machinability of additively manufactured Ti-5553 titanium alloy

authored by: Berend Denkena, Julia K. Hufenbach, Benjamin Bergmann, Uta Kühn, Arnd Heckemeyer, Sebastian Worpenberg, Clemens Kunz
Abstract: Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies, particularly laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), are revolutionising the production of complex geometries and lightweight structures. Furthermore, LPBF allows to tailor the microstructure and resulting properties of metallic materials. This study focuses on titanium alloys, crucial for high-performance applications like aircraft components and medical implants. Although AM enables near-net-shape fabrication, many titanium parts still require machining to meet surface and dimensional standards. Titanium's challenging machinability is well-documented for cast and wrought alloys, but only less is known about additively manufactured variants. In this work, the machinability of an additively manufactured Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr alloy (Ti-5553) is investigated, focusing on chip formation, cutting forces, and tool wear across different LPBF process parameters. Four LPBF parameter sets were validated, and results were compared to conventional wrought sample. The findings reveal significant variations in machinability linked to LPBF parameters. Specifically, the highest tool loads and wear were observed for samples produced with the highest energy density of E_V = 37.0 J/mm³, likely due to α-phase precipitation. In contrast, samples with lower energy densities (<29.1 J/mm³) exhibited up to 100% longer tool life. Concluding, this study highlights how the machinability of Ti-based components can be significantly influenced by the LPBF processing parameters.
Organisation(s): Institute of Production Engineering and Machine Tools
External Organisation(s): Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden (IFW)
TU Bergakademie Freiberg - University of Resources
Type: Article
Journal: CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology
Volume: 55
Pages: 42-53
No. of pages: 12
ISSN: 1755-5817
Publication date: 12.2024
Publication status: Published
Peer reviewed: Yes
ASJC Scopus subject areas: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Electronic version(s): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2024.09.002 (Access: Open)

BibTeX

@article{92260ffa2135467aab2bb0a97a44bc44,
title = "Influence of the process parameters on the microstructure and the machinability of additively manufactured Ti-5553 titanium alloy",
abstract = "Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies, particularly laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), are revolutionising the production of complex geometries and lightweight structures. Furthermore, LPBF allows to tailor the microstructure and resulting properties of metallic materials. This study focuses on titanium alloys, crucial for high-performance applications like aircraft components and medical implants. Although AM enables near-net-shape fabrication, many titanium parts still require machining to meet surface and dimensional standards. Titanium's challenging machinability is well-documented for cast and wrought alloys, but only less is known about additively manufactured variants. In this work, the machinability of an additively manufactured Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr alloy (Ti-5553) is investigated, focusing on chip formation, cutting forces, and tool wear across different LPBF process parameters. Four LPBF parameter sets were validated, and results were compared to conventional wrought sample. The findings reveal significant variations in machinability linked to LPBF parameters. Specifically, the highest tool loads and wear were observed for samples produced with the highest energy density of EV = 37.0 J/mm3, likely due to α-phase precipitation. In contrast, samples with lower energy densities (<29.1 J/mm3) exhibited up to 100% longer tool life. Concluding, this study highlights how the machinability of Ti-based components can be significantly influenced by the LPBF processing parameters.",
keywords = "Additive manufacturing, Material properties, Microstructure, Milling, Ti-5553, Tool wear",
author = "Berend Denkena and Hufenbach, {Julia K.} and Benjamin Bergmann and Uta K{\"u}hn and Arnd Heckemeyer and Sebastian Worpenberg and Clemens Kunz",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Authors",
year = "2024",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.cirpj.2024.09.002",
language = "English",
volume = "55",
pages = "42--53",
journal = "CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology",
issn = "1755-5817",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}