Hotspot enlargement and shortening hot moments in the rhizosphere to acquire labile phosphorus from fungal necromass in response to warming effects

verfasst von: Duyen Thi Thu Hoang, Ali Feizi, Viola Stelmach-Kardel, Kazem Zamanian, Xuechen Zhang, Marius Schmitt, Michaela A. Dippold, Agata Gryta, Magdalena Frąc, Bahar S. Razavi
Abstract: Fungal necromass is a potential energy and nutrient source for microorganisms and plants, yet the elevated temperature accelerates turnover rate of this source while enhances plant nutrient demand. However, a critical question that remains inadequately addressed is whether fungal necromass can be utilized to offset the effects of warming on plant nutrient demand, helping to sustain plant growth in changing climates. In this study, two maize varieties, including a wild-type and root-hair-defective rth3 mutant, were grown in phosphorus (P) deficient soil at temperatures of 20 °C and 30 °C to detect the mechanisms driving the fungal necromass turnover under warming effects and plant root genotypes. By applying in situ zymography, we observed that the percentage of hotspot area in the rhizosphere increases by 65–82 % with a 10 °C temperature rise. However, when fungal necromass was introduced to the soil, the hotspot percentage at 20 °C was 44–116 % higher compared to 30 °C. Additionally, the addition of necromass significantly enlarged the hotspot percentage as compared to zero necromass treatment, particularly at 20 °C. The shorter turnover time of soil organic matter (SOM) at 30 °C compared to 20 °C, following the addition of fungal necromass, clearly indicated that the combined effects of warming and added necromass-derived C and P compounds accelerated SOM decomposition. The formation of a fish-bone root structure in the maize mutant could be a compensatory strategy in response to the absence of root hairs under warming conditions. These fish-bone roots potentially enhanced the acquisition of labile C and P from the added fungal necromass. Furthermore, the unchanged K_m but increased V_max in necromass-treated soil under 30 °C suggested that microorganisms allocate their energy resources to synthesizing more enzymes rather than increasing enzyme efficiency in response to warming stress. Overall, as an easily decomposed substances, fungal necromass mediates the response of the dynamic interactions between plants and microorganisms to rising temperature by enlarging the hotspot percentage by 88 % but shortening duration of organic matter decomposition up to 125 %. Therefore, these processes can be considered as the adaptation of agro-ecosystems to global warming.
Organisationseinheit(en): Institut für Erdsystemwissenschaften
Externe Organisation(en): Vietnam National University
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU)
Instytut Chemii Bioorganicznej Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University
ETH Zürich
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Typ: Artikel
Journal: Applied soil ecology
Band: 204
ISSN: 0929-1393
Publikationsdatum: 12.2024
Publikationsstatus: Veröffentlicht
Peer-reviewed: Ja
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete: Ökologie, Agrar- und Biowissenschaften (sonstige), Bodenkunde
Elektronische Version(en): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105740 (Zugang: Geschlossen)

BibTeX

@article{5e6613b40e25489d99f4bc0b0e835b2e,
title = "Hotspot enlargement and shortening hot moments in the rhizosphere to acquire labile phosphorus from fungal necromass in response to warming effects",
abstract = "Fungal necromass is a potential energy and nutrient source for microorganisms and plants, yet the elevated temperature accelerates turnover rate of this source while enhances plant nutrient demand. However, a critical question that remains inadequately addressed is whether fungal necromass can be utilized to offset the effects of warming on plant nutrient demand, helping to sustain plant growth in changing climates. In this study, two maize varieties, including a wild-type and root-hair-defective rth3 mutant, were grown in phosphorus (P) deficient soil at temperatures of 20 °C and 30 °C to detect the mechanisms driving the fungal necromass turnover under warming effects and plant root genotypes. By applying in situ zymography, we observed that the percentage of hotspot area in the rhizosphere increases by 65–82 % with a 10 °C temperature rise. However, when fungal necromass was introduced to the soil, the hotspot percentage at 20 °C was 44–116 % higher compared to 30 °C. Additionally, the addition of necromass significantly enlarged the hotspot percentage as compared to zero necromass treatment, particularly at 20 °C. The shorter turnover time of soil organic matter (SOM) at 30 °C compared to 20 °C, following the addition of fungal necromass, clearly indicated that the combined effects of warming and added necromass-derived C and P compounds accelerated SOM decomposition. The formation of a fish-bone root structure in the maize mutant could be a compensatory strategy in response to the absence of root hairs under warming conditions. These fish-bone roots potentially enhanced the acquisition of labile C and P from the added fungal necromass. Furthermore, the unchanged Km but increased Vmax in necromass-treated soil under 30 °C suggested that microorganisms allocate their energy resources to synthesizing more enzymes rather than increasing enzyme efficiency in response to warming stress. Overall, as an easily decomposed substances, fungal necromass mediates the response of the dynamic interactions between plants and microorganisms to rising temperature by enlarging the hotspot percentage by 88 % but shortening duration of organic matter decomposition up to 125 %. Therefore, these processes can be considered as the adaptation of agro-ecosystems to global warming.",
keywords = "Enzyme kinetics, Global warming, Maize, Plant-microbe interactions, Soil zymography",
author = "Hoang, {Duyen Thi Thu} and Ali Feizi and Viola Stelmach-Kardel and Kazem Zamanian and Xuechen Zhang and Marius Schmitt and Dippold, {Michaela A.} and Agata Gryta and Magdalena Fr{\c a}c and Razavi, {Bahar S.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 Elsevier B.V.",
year = "2024",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105740",
language = "English",
volume = "204",
journal = "Applied soil ecology",
issn = "0929-1393",
publisher = "Elsevier",
}